Melanoma, the most serious type of skin cancer, develops in the cells (melanocytes) that produce melanin — the pigment that gives your skin its colour. 

Melanomas can develop anywhere on your body. They most often develop in areas that have had exposure to the sun, such as your back, legs, arms and face. It can also form in your eyes and, rarely, inside your body, such as in your nose or throat.

The exact cause of all melanomas isn't clear, but exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight or tanning lamps and beds increases your risk of developing melanoma. Limiting your exposure to UV radiation can help reduce your risk of melanoma. We all know that people with lighter skin are usually more prone to sunburn, which is why white people have the highest chance of getting skin cancer among all races.

In addition to skin colour, if you are a person with a lot of moles or a family history of melanoma, you should also pay special attention to preventing the occurrence of melanoma.

To help you identify characteristics of unusual moles that may indicate melanomas or other skin cancers, think of the letters ABCDE:

A: Asymmetry. Look for moles with irregular shapes, such as two very different-looking halves.

B: Border irregularities. Look for moles with irregular, notched or scalloped borders — characteristics of melanomas.

C: Color heterogeneity. Look for growths that have many colors or an uneven distribution of color.

D: Diameter. Look for new growth in a mole larger than 1/4 inch (about 6 millimeters).

E: Evolving. Look for changes over time, such as a mole that grows in size or that changes color or shape. Moles may also evolve to develop new signs and symptoms, such as new itchiness or bleeding.