Upper respiratory sensitivity can cause thickening of the nasal mucosa and increased nasal secretions, leading to nasal drip. This phenomenon is particularly noticeable when lying down and can bring unclean nasal secretions into the lower respiratory tract, resulting in coughing. This condition is known as "postnasal drip syndrome.

If there is pre-existing sensitivity in the lower respiratory tract, the cough may persist for a longer period; this can be referred to as "asthmatic cough." Suppose the cough improves with medication but returns after discontinuation. In that case, it may indicate chronic inflammation in the airways, which could be due to asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or bronchial dilation. Additionally, persistent coughing can also be a symptom of lung cancer. If there is suspicion, further examination is necessary to rule out serious illnesses.

If you neglect a runny nose and cough, this can lead to worsening conditions such as sinusitis, resulting in symptoms like nasal congestion and headaches. It can also affect sleep and cause daytime sleepiness and fatigue. In addition to socially impacting those around you, persistent coughing can cause hoarseness and chest pain.

In the case of asthma, if left untreated, the condition can deteriorate. Symptoms may include intermittent shortness of breath, chest tightness, and wheezing (audible breathing sounds due to widespread narrowing of the airways). In acute asthma attacks, immediate hospitalisation and the use of high-dose steroids or oxygen therapy may be necessary. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent the condition from worsening.

We can use antihistamines and nasal corticosteroid sprays to manage sensitive symptoms in the nose. Regular nasal irrigation with saline solution can also help flush out allergens and dust. For mild coughs, we can use over-the-counter cough medicines. However, if the cough persists for two to three weeks without improvement, it may be a sign of asthma, and specific medications targeting airway sensitivity should be used.

Typically, doctors may prescribe inhaled corticosteroids along with long-acting or short-acting bronchodilators for optimal results. Combination medications provide added convenience for patients. The choice of treatment depends on the severity and urgency of the symptoms. In some cases, doctors may start with inhaled corticosteroids alone and add long-acting bronchodilators if they cannot control symptoms.

The basic preventive measure to prevent coughing is to get vaccinated against the flu to minimise infection. We suggest that individuals prone to allergies wear masks and maintain personal and environmental hygiene. For individuals sensitive to dust mites, using dust mite-proof bedding, regularly cleaning the home, and using air purifiers can be helpful. During humid weather, it is important to regularly clean the dust filters of air conditioners and use diluted bleach to clean mould in the corners of the house. Taking these precautions can help reduce the frequency of attacks and improve resistance.