Osteoporosis Screening

Osteoporosis Screening

Osteoporosis is a disease in which the density and quality of bone are reduced. As bones become more porous and fragile, the risk of fracture is greatly increased.

What are included in the osteoporosis screening programme?
What are included in the osteoporosis screening programme?
  • Medical Consultation by Doctor
  • Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA scan)
How to diagnose osteoporosis?
How to diagnose osteoporosis?

Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) provides a widely utilisable method for calculating bone mineral density (BMD). The World Health Organisation (WHO) produced an operational definition of osteoporosis based on a BMD T score of −2.5 or lower. This score is the diagnostic criterion for osteoporosis and those in an osteopenic range (T score between −1.0 and −2.5) are still at risk of fracture.

What are the risk factors for osteoporosis?
What are the risk factors for osteoporosis?

Risk factors include:

  • Age
  • Female gender
  • Family history of osteoporosis
  • Previous fracture
  • Ethnicity
  • Menopause/ oophorectomy
  • Long term glucocorticoid therapy
  • Thyrotoxicosis
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Primary/secondary hypogonadism in men
  • Alcohol
  • Smoking
  • Low body mass index
  • Poor nutrition
  • Vitamin D deficiency
  • Eating disorders
  • Insufficient exercise
What are the symptoms for osteoporosis?
What are the symptoms for osteoporosis?

The loss of bone occurs silently and progressively. Often there are no symptoms for osteoporosis until the first fracture occurs. However, if you experience back pain and stooped posture, these may be signs for osteoporosis.

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